A wheel truing rail lathe machine is a specialized piece of equipment used for the maintenance of railway tracks. The machine is designed to shape and true the wheels of locomotives, carriages, and wagons.

The process of truing wheels involves reshaping and smoothing the wheels to remove any imperfections and ensure that they run smoothly on the rails. This is important for maintaining the safety and efficiency of railway operations.

The machine works by clamping the wheel onto a lathe and rotating it at high speed. A cutting tool is then used to shape the wheel, removing any high spots or deformities. The process is repeated until the wheel is perfectly round and smooth.

Wheel truing rail lathe machines are typically used by specialized maintenance teams and are not commonly found outside of railway maintenance facilities.