An autoclave is a device that is used to sterilize materials and equipment using high-pressure saturated steam. It is commonly used in scientific and medical settings to sterilize laboratory equipment, surgical instruments, and other items that need to be free of bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms.

Autoclaves work by using high pressure and high temperature steam to kill bacteria and other microorganisms. The pressure inside the autoclave is typically around 15 psi (pounds per square inch), which raises the temperature of the steam to around 121 degrees Celsius (250 degrees Fahrenheit). This temperature is maintained for a set amount of time to ensure that all microorganisms are killed.

Autoclaves come in a range of sizes, from small tabletop models for use in laboratories to large industrial models used in manufacturing and pharmaceutical settings. They are typically made of stainless steel to withstand the high pressure and heat and have safety features such as pressure relief valves and automatic shut-off systems to prevent accidents.

Overall, autoclaves are an important tool in maintaining sterile conditions and preventing the spread of infections in a variety of industries.